Preparing for Surgery: Infection Prevention and Risk Reduction

Optimising your health before surgery plays a critical role in reducing complications, improving recovery, and supporting long-term surgical outcomes. Below are key strategies to minimise infection risk and enhance healing before orthopaedic surgery.

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Perioperative Nutrition

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Proper nutrition before surgery improves wound healing and reduces infection risk.

• Maintain a healthy, balanced diet for at least 6 weeks prior to surgery

• Follow an anti-inflammatory diet such as a Mediterranean-style diet

• Limit salt intake

• Nutritional supplementation may be recommended

• Maintain a healthy body mass index (BMI)

A BMI under 40 is essential, with an ideal target below 30. Even a 5 percent reduction in body weight can significantly reduce surgical complications.

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Skin Health and Pre-Operative Hygiene

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Healthy skin reduces infection risk.

• Ensure there are no open wounds, cuts, scratches, or insect bites before surgery

• Contact the clinic if you have any skin concerns

• Use a chlorhexidine surgical wash on the operative limb for 2 to 3 days before surgery, including the morning of surgery

Pre-existing lower limb swelling or oedema should also be treated prior to surgery.

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Medical Optimisation

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Addressing underlying health conditions reduces surgical complications.

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• Correct low albumin levels

• Treat anaemia (low haemoglobin)

• Optimise diabetes control (HbA1c below 7.5)

• Stop smoking

• Maintain good dental health and hygiene

• Manage bladder, kidney, prostate, or incontinence issues

• Seek support for anxiety or depression before surgery

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Physical Preparation

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Remaining active within your limits supports better outcomes.

• Engage in light activity for 20 to 30 minutes daily, provided it does not worsen pain

• Consider cryotherapy and compression therapy to manage swelling and discomfort

Cryotherapy and compression devices may be used before and after surgery to reduce inflammation and support recovery.

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Social and Home Preparation

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Planning your home environment improves post-operative recovery.

• Arrange a caregiver for the first few days after surgery

• Identify a support person to assist during rehabilitation

• Prepare your home for mobility and safety during recovery

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Why Pre-Surgery Preparation Matters

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Optimising your physical, nutritional, and mental health before surgery can:

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• Reduce infection risk

• Improve wound healing

• Shorten recovery time

• Decrease complication rates

• Improve overall surgical outcomes

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For personalised guidance on preparing for orthopaedic surgery in Melbourne, please contact our team