MCL Surgery

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most commonly injured ligaments of the knee, particularly following sporting trauma or twisting injuries. In many cases, an MCL injury can be successfully managed without surgery, as the ligament has a strong capacity to heal and often results in minimal long term functional limitation.

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The MCL is a complex stabilising structure consisting of multiple components that contribute to:

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• Side to side knee stability

• Rotational control of the knee

• Joint stability when the knee is fully extended 

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Non Surgical Management of MCL Injuries

Most isolated MCL injuries respond well to structured rehabilitation, focusing on restoring knee movement, strength, and stability. Conservative treatment often provides excellent outcomes, particularly in lower grade ligament injuries.

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Surgical Treatment of MCL Injuries

Surgical intervention may be recommended in cases involving significant ligament disruption, persistent instability, or combined ligament injuries.

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When surgery is indicated, treatment typically involves a combined approach of:

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• Repairing the injured MCL

• Reconstructing the ligament to protect the repair and restore stability

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Reconstruction techniques are tailored to the patient’s anatomy and injury characteristics, most commonly using a donor graft. In select situations, a synthetic ligament may be used to provide additional support.

Precise positioning of the reconstructed ligament is critical, as normal knee biomechanics rely on accurate tension and alignment of the MCL. This makes MCL reconstruction surgery a highly specialised procedure.

Due to the complexity of the ligament and the surgical technique, MCL reconstruction is considered an extensive procedure, often requiring a carefully structured and prolonged rehabilitation program.